Global Change Master Directory gsfc-gcmduso@mail.nasa.gov 50 2013-06-19T04:01:13Z GCMD Search: [Parameters: Topic='SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING', Term='RADAR', Variable_Level_1='RADAR IMAGERY'] http://mddemo.gsfc.nasa.gov/KeywordSearch/OpenSearch.do 259 0 http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]JPL_SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Images -180.0,-54.0,180.0,60.0 2000-02-11T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2013-06-03T04:00:00Z Culminating more than four years of processing data, NASA and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) have completed Earth's most extensive global topographic map. The mission is a collaboration ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]JPL_SRTM_V2 Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Version 2 -180.0,-60.0,180.0,60.0 2000-02-11T00:00:00Z 2000-02-22T00:00:00Z 2013-06-03T04:00:00Z NASA has released version 2 of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission digital topographic data (also known as the "finished" version). ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]Tsunami_122604_SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Elevation Data for the Island Nation of Sri Lanka 79.69,5.76,82.26,9.89 2013-05-14T04:00:00Z The topography of the island nation of Sri Lanka is well shown in this color-coded shaded relief map generated with digital elevation data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). Two visualization ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]SIR-C_PRECISION Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C Precision -180.0,-60.0,180.0,60.0 1994-04-09T00:00:00Z 1994-10-11T00:00:00Z 2013-05-10T04:00:00Z Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) is a joint project of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the German Space Agency, Deutsche Agentur ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]USGS_EROS_HDDS_RITA Hurricane Rita Disaster Response from the USGS -100.0,22.0,-68.0,41.0 2005-09-15T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2013-05-07T04:00:00Z USGS EROS supported first responders and emergency services working in response to Hurricane Rita. EROS channeled vital imagery to state and local governments, FEMA, and other federal agencies. These ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]USGS_EROS_HDDS_WILMA Hurricane Wilma Disaster Response from the USGS -98.0,10.0,-70.0,35.0 2013-05-07T04:00:00Z USGS EROS supported first responders and emergency services working in response to Hurricane Wilma. EROS channeled vital imagery to state and local governments, FEMA, and other federal agencies. ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]DMA_DTED Shuttle Radar Topography Mission DTED Level 1 (3-arc second) Data (DTED-1) -180.0,-56.0,180.0,60.0 2000-02-01T00:00:00Z 2000-02-31T00:00:00Z 2013-05-02T04:00:00Z The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) successfully collected Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IFSAR) data over 80 percent of the landmass of the Earth between 60 degrees North and 56 ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]SLAR Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) Imagery -180.0,24.0,-60.0,72.0 1980-07-18T00:00:00Z 1993-11-30T00:00:00Z 2013-05-02T04:00:00Z Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) imagery is available from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for selected project areas in the conterminous United States and Alaska. Data are X-band synthetic ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]gpmfltsummc3e GPM Ground Validation Flight Summaries and Flight Tracks Imagery MC3E -121.0,28.0,-91.0,43.0 2011-04-25T00:00:00Z 2011-06-02T00:00:00Z 2013-03-19T04:00:00Z The Flight Summaries and Flight Tracks Imagery dataset for MC3E provides processed summaries from University of North Dakota including sonde maps, a radar animation, parameter versus time charts, ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]COMET_CASE_STUDIES COMET Project Case Study Data on the WWW -125.0,25.0,-67.0,48.0 1993-03-11T00:00:00Z 2002-01-30T00:00:00Z 2013-01-24T05:00:00Z The Cooperative Program for Operational Meteorology, Education and Training (COMET) was established in 1989 by NOAA and UCAR as a broad effort to affect meteorology education and training in the United ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NASA_TRMM_KATRINA NASA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Imagery of Hurricane Katrina -102.0,25.0,-80.0,40.0 2005-08-23T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2013-01-24T05:00:00Z The NASA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) center provides imagery and animations of Hurricane Katrina. The imagery shows the precipitation coverage and rainfall estimates in the land falling ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NASA_TRMM_RITA NASA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Imagery of Hurricane Rita -100.0,23.0,-72.0,40.0 2005-09-17T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2013-01-24T05:00:00Z The NASA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) center provides imagery and animations of Hurricane Rita. The imagery shows the precipitation coverage and rainfall estimates in the land falling ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NCDC_WX_EVENT_ARCH National Climatic Data Center's Weather Event Case Study Archive (1991-2008) -124.0,25.0,-60.0,47.0 1991-10-31T00:00:00Z 2008-12-31T00:00:00Z 2013-01-24T05:00:00Z The NCDC weather event archive contains case studies of the major weather events that happened between 1991 and 2006. Each case study includes a detailed discussion of the event combined ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]RAMDIS_ONLINE Real Time Satellite Data Animations from RAMSDIS Online -125.0,25.0,-65.0,50.0 2013-01-24T05:00:00Z The RAMSDIS online sytem: http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/ramsdis/online/ The RAMSDIS online system offers real time NOAA GOES-10 and GOES-12 satellite data animations and single images. These images ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]UH_SOEST_METO Weather Data, Forecasts, and Satellite Imagery from the University of Hawaii Meteorology Department 20.0,-50.0,120.0,10.0 2013-01-24T05:00:00Z The University of Hawaii School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology Department of Meteorology (UH/SOEST/METO) The UH/SOEST/METO Server provides weather data and forecasts, satellite imagery, and ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]gov.noaa.ncdc.C00500 1997 Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the NOAA Satellite -95.0,10.0,-15.0,60.0 1997-06-30T00:00:00Z 1997-10-17T00:00:00Z 2012-10-17T04:00:00Z 1997 Atlantic Tropical Storms is a technical report available from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The geographic coverage is the North Atlantic tropical storm basin. Land areas include ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]gov.noaa.ncdc.C00524 1998 Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the NOAA Satellites -100.0,10.0,-10.0,60.0 1998-06-01T00:00:00Z 1998-11-31T00:00:00Z 2012-10-17T04:00:00Z 1998 Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the NOAA Satellites is a technical report produced by, and available from, the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). This annual report is a preliminary summary ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]gov.noaa.ncdc.C00530 1999 Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the NOAA Satellite -110.0,8.0,-15.0,55.0 1999-01-01T00:00:00Z 1999-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-10-17T04:00:00Z 1999 Atlantic Tropical Storms: Views from the NOAA Satellite is a technical report produced by and available from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The report provides a detailed review of ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]alos_palsar ALOS PALSAR Data -180.0,-90.0,180.0,90.0 2006-05-16T00:00:00Z 2011-04-22T00:00:00Z 2012-09-10T04:00:00Z The Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) is an active microwave sensor using L-band frequency to achieve cloud-free and day-and-night land observation. It provides higher performance ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ND01024 JERS SAR Data 128.74,30.1,146.46,46.26 1992-02-11T00:00:00Z 1999-10-12T00:00:00Z 2012-09-10T04:00:00Z SAR is a Synthetic Aperture Radar onboard the JERS-1. Followings are the basics of the SAR. -Swath width : 75km -Resolution : 18m x 24m -Off nadir angle : 35deg. -Observation ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]GLCF_SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Data from Global Land Cover Facility -180.0,-60.0,180.0,60.0 2000-02-11T00:00:00Z 2000-02-22T00:00:00Z 2012-08-29T04:00:00Z The Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF) at the University of Maryland, College Park houses Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data. The Shuttle Radar Topography ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NSIDC-0195 APR-2 Dual-frequency Airborne Radar Observations, Wakasa Bay 130.0,30.0,150.0,45.0 2003-01-14T00:00:00Z 2003-02-03T00:00:00Z 2012-05-14T04:00:00Z In January and February 2003, the Airborne Second Generation Precipitation Radar (APR-2) collected data in the Wakasa Bay AMSR-E validation campaign over the sea of Japan on board a NASA P-3 aircraft. ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NSIDC-0052 Digital SAR Mosaic and Elevation Map of the Greenland Ice Sheet -73.0,60.0,-10.0,84.0 1991-01-01T00:00:00Z 1995-12-31T00:00:00Z 1992-08-02T00:00:00Z 1992-09-09T00:00:00Z 2012-05-14T04:00:00Z The Digital SAR Mosaic and Elevation Map of the Greenland Ice Sheet CD-ROM combines the most detailed synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image mosaic available with the best current digital elevation ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NSIDC-0496 Polarimetric Radar Data from the Ross and Amundsen Sea Ice Flow Divide, West Antarctica -115.457,-79.6401,-109.128,-78.7489 2005-11-01T00:00:00Z 2007-01-31T00:00:00Z 2012-05-14T04:00:00Z This dataset contains ground-based, co-polarized radar data collected using pulse-modulated 60 MHz and 179 MHz radar at 19 sites around a deep ice coring site near the Ross and Amundsen flow divide ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NSIDC-0303 Radar Investigations of Antarctic Ice Stream Margins, Siple Dome, 1998 -141.6722,-83.3528,-138.3697,-80.1678 1998-11-14T00:00:00Z 1998-12-13T00:00:00Z 2012-05-14T04:00:00Z This data set consists of surface-based radar measurements, including geometry of the bed, surface, and internal layers, and bed reflectivity measurements at two sites along ice stream margins at ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]IRACC1B IceBridge Accumulation Radar L1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles -180.0,60.0,180.0,90.0 2010-05-05T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2012-05-13T04:00:00Z The NASA IceBridge Accumulation Radar L1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles data set contains radar backscatter measurements of snow depth, internal layering, and topography of Greenland acquired ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]IRKUB1B IceBridge Ku-Band Radar L1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles -180.0,-90.0,180.0,-53.0-180.0,60.0,180.0,90.0 2010-03-26T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2012-05-13T04:00:00Z The NASA IceBridge Ku-Band Radar L1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles data set contains altimeter measurements over Greenland, the Arctic, and Antarctica acquired using the Center for Remote ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]IRMCR1B IceBridge MCoRDS L1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles -180.0,-90.0,180.0,-53.0-74.0,59.0,-12.0,83.0 2009-10-16T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2012-05-13T04:00:00Z The IceBridge MCoRDS L1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles (IRMCR1B) data set contains radio echo-sounding measurements over Antarctica taken from the Multichannel Coherent Radar Depth Sounder ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]IRSNO1B IceBridge Snow Radar L1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles -180.0,-90.0,180.0,-53.0-180.0,60.0,180.0,90.0 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2012-05-13T04:00:00Z The NASA IceBridge Snow Radar Level-1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles (IRSNO1B) data set contains snow thickness and internal layer measurements taken from the Center for Remote Sensing of ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]BRMCR1B Pre-IceBridge MCoRDS L1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles -180.0,-90.0,180.0,-53.0-180.0,60.0,180.0,90.0 1993-06-23T00:00:00Z 2007-09-23T00:00:00Z 2012-05-13T04:00:00Z The Pre-IceBridge MCoRDS L1B Geolocated Radar Echo Strength Profiles (BRMCR1B) data set contains Arctic and Antarctic radio echo-sounding measurements taken from the Multichannel Coherent Radar Depth ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ARCSS400 Barrow Area Information Database (BAID) Geospatial Data Sets, Barrow, AK, USA -160.01666,70.46667,-153.5,71.266945 1948-01-01T00:00:00Z 2002-12-31T00:00:00Z 2012-05-11T04:00:00Z This data collection is comprised of geospatial data for the Barrow, Alaska, USA, region. These data were compiled by Nuna Technologies and Arctic Ecology Lab at Michigan State University under contract ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ARCSS303 Reduced-Resolution Radar Imagery, Digital Elevation Models, and Related GIS Layers for Barrow, Alaska, USA -157.47633,70.86246,-155.39482,71.47278 2002-07-27T00:00:00Z 2002-07-29T00:00:00Z 2012-05-11T04:00:00Z This product set contains reduced-resolution Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IFSAR) imagery and geospatial data for the Barrow Peninsula (155.39 - 157.48 deg W, 70.86 - 71.47 deg N), for ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NICT_AURORAL_RADAR Radio Aurora Records at Syowa Station 40.0,-69.0,40.0,-69.0 1966-03-13T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2012-04-16T04:00:00Z Radio auroral echoe observed with auroral radar at Syowa Station. http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]LBA_JERS_1 JERS-1 SAR Global Rain Forest Mapping Project: Vol. AM-1, South America -79.6,-20.0,-49.4,5.2 1995-09-01T00:00:00Z 1996-07-31T00:00:00Z 2012-02-01T05:00:00Z Volume AM-1 of the JERS-1 SAR Global Rainforest Mapping Project CD-ROM series is a 4-disc set containing Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery from the rainforest region of South America, including ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ASF20CD02 JERS-1 SAR Global Rain Forest Mapping Project 16.0,-35.0,55.0,40.0 1992-05-20T00:00:00Z 1998-10-11T00:00:00Z 2011-11-16T05:00:00Z Africa This data set contains detailed images of Africa's rain forests in 1996-1997. The Global Rain Forest Mapping Project is an international project led by the National Space Development Agency ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ASF00005 ERS-1 Ice Motion Vector Data 110.0,40.0,-130.0,85.0 1991-09-07T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2011-11-15T05:00:00Z ERS-1 Ice Motion Vector Data is generated from pairs of geocoded low resolution SAR imagery. The time separation between the repeat viewing of the same ice field depends on the orbit characteristics ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ASF21DVD01 RADARSAT-1 Mosaic of Antarctica - 25 meter DVDROM -180.0,-90.0,180.0,-62.83 1997-09-09T00:00:00Z 1997-10-22T00:00:00Z 2011-11-15T05:00:00Z The first Antarctic Mapping Mission, (AMM-1), began on September 9, 1997 and was successfully concluded on October 20, 1997. This 25-meter resolution RADARSAT-1 Antarctic Mosaic, from AMM-1, is a ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ASF20CD03 RADARSAT-1 Mosaic of Antarctica - 250 meter CDROM and GeoTIFF -180.0,-90.0,180.0,-62.83 1997-09-09T00:00:00Z 1997-10-22T00:00:00Z 2011-11-15T05:00:00Z The CD-ROM contains the 250m resolution RADARSAT-1 SAR Mosaic of Antarctica and the Image Explorer software for viewing the data. The mosaics are a part of the RADARSAT-1 Antarctic Mapping Project, ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ASF00008 UAVSAR data distributed by the Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF) 175.0,12.2,-56.8,58.2-61.5,60.2,-26.1,82.0-24.0,63.2,-13.3,66.7 2008-07-30T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2011-11-15T05:00:00Z Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR), a JPL built and operated, reconfigurable, polarimetric L-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR), is specifically designed to acquire airborne ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[NOAA-NMMR]gov.noaa.class.SAR Synthetic Aperture Radar (restricted) -180.0,-90.0,180.0,90.0 1991-07-17T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2011-11-02T04:00:00Z ABSTRACT: The CLASS inventory of Synthetic Aperture Radar data includes imagery of global and repetitive observations of the environment. Imagery was obtained by the ERS-1, ERS-2 and RADARSAT-1 satellites, ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]INPE_ER_SAR ERS SAR Data held by the National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Brazil -80.0,-40.0,-33.0,8.0 1991-08-26T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2011-10-27T04:00:00Z INPE's only receiving station for ERS-1 and ERS-2 SAR is located in Cuiaba, MT (geographic coordinates approx. 15.5S/56.0W). The SAR tapes recorded at Cuiaba are air shipped to the processing ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]COARE_cm_dc8.armar Airborne Rain Mapping Radar (ARMAR) Measurements Taken Onboard the NASA DC-8 during the TOGA COARE Intensive Observing Period 140.0,-20.0,180.0,10.0 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z 1993-02-28T00:00:00Z 2011-10-26T04:00:00Z DATA ACCESS The ARMAR data are available from the NASA GSFC DAAC via ftp from ftp://disc1.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/toga_coare/aircraft/nasa_dc8/armar/ The ARMAR team at JPL put together a ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ASF00001 ERS-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar Data held at the Alaska Satellite Facility 155.0,40.0,-130.0,85.0 1991-09-07T00:00:00Z 1996-06-15T00:00:00Z 2011-10-20T04:00:00Z The data set consists of all ERS-1 SAR data acquired by the Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF) operated by the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska in Fairbanks. Only data within the station ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ASF00002 JERS-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar Data held at the Alaska Satellite Facility -180.0,-90.0,180.0,90.0 1992-05-20T00:00:00Z 1998-10-25T00:00:00Z 2011-10-20T04:00:00Z The data set consists of all JERS-1 SAR data acquired by the Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF) operated by the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska in Fairbanks. The data set is global ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ASF000R1 RADARSAT-1 SAR Images held at the Alaska Satellite Facility -180.0,-85.0,180.0,85.0 1996-06-01T00:00:00Z 2008-05-03T00:00:00Z 2011-10-20T04:00:00Z The data set consists of all RADARSAT-1 SAR data acquired by the Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF) operated by the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska in Fairbanks. The data are global ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]JAPAN_ANT_SAR Syowa satellite SAR data 20.0,-78.0,80.0,-65.0 1991-10-21T00:00:00Z T00:00:00Z 2011-08-24T04:00:00Z Synthetic Aperture Radar data observed by JERS-1, ERS-1, ERS-2 acquired at Syowa Station, Antarctica http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]ALOS_Data_JAXA_EOC ALOS Data (JAXA/EOC) -180.0,-90.0,180.0,90.0 2011-07-28T04:00:00Z ALOS is a comprehensive earth observing satellite system which includes optical sensors for high resolution observation, wide area observation, and fine accuracy ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]COSMO-SkyMed COSMO-SkyMed: Radar Satellite for Earth observation for dual (civil and military) use -180.0,-90.0,180.0,90.0 2011-07-28T04:00:00Z COSMO-SkyMed Overview The COSMO-SkyMed system is a constellation of four radar satellites for Earth observation for dual (civil and military) use. Its purpose is to monitor the globe for the sake ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NSIDC-0118 DISP Yearly Satellite Photographic Mosaics of Greenland 1962-1963 -75.0,58.0,-10.0,84.0 1962-05-15T00:00:00Z 1963-10-31T00:00:00Z 2011-07-28T04:00:00Z The Declassified Intelligence Satellite Photographs (DISP) Yearly Satellite Photographic Mosaics of Greenland are composites of black-and-white photographs of Greenland taken from American satellites ... http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/getdif.htm?[GCMD]NSIDC-0095 Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment (PARCA) Data Sets 2011-07-28T04:00:00Z PARCA began in 1993 with the primary goal of measuring and understanding the mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Approximately 25 investigations used in situ measurements and satellite and aircraft ...