GOES I-M West Products (DSI-3636)
Entry ID:
gov.noaa.ncdc.C00608
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Summary
Abstract:
Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) Products is digital data set DSI-3635, archived at the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). This is a derived product of satellite imagery data. This dataset contains products which provide the kind of continuous monitoring necessary for intensive data analysis. GOES I-M satellite circle the Earth in ... a geosynchronous orbit, which means they orbit the equatorial plane of the Earth at a speed
matching the Earth's rotation. This allows them to hover continuously over one position on the
surface. The geosynchronous plane is about 35,800 km (22,300 miles) above the Earth, high enough
to allow the satellites a full-disc view of the Earth. Because they stay above a fixed spot on
the surface, they provide a constant vigil for atmospheric "triggers" for severe weather
conditions such as tornadoes, flash floods, hail storms, and hurricanes. When these conditions
develop the GOES satellites monitor storms and track their movements. GOES satellite imagery is
also used to estimate rainfall during the thunderstorms and hurricanes for flash flood warnings,
as well as estimates snowfall accumulations and overall extent of snow cover. Such data help
meteorologists issue winter storm warnings and spring snow melt advisories. Satellite sensors
also detect ice fields and map the movements of sea and lake ice. The GOES system produces a
large number of primary data products. They include: Basic day/night cloud imagery and low-level
cloud and fog imagery. Upper and lower tropospheric water vapor imagery. Observations of land
surface temperature data with strong diurnal variation. Sea surface temperature data. Winds from
cloud motions at several levels and hourly cloud-top heights and amounts. Albedo and infrared
radiation flux to space, important for climate monitoring and climate model validation.
Detection and monitoring of forest fires resulting from natural causes and/or manmade causes and
monitoring of smoke plumes. Precipitation estimates. Total column ozone concentration (potential
data product). Relatively accurate estimates of total outgoing longwave radiation flux
(potential data product). Over the past 30 years, environmental service agencies have stated a
need for continuous, dependable, timely, and high quality observations of the Earth and its
environment. The new generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES I
through M) provide half-hourly observations to fill the need. The instruments on board the
satellites measure Earth- emitted and reflected radiation from which atmospheric temperature,
winds, moisture, and cloud cover can be derived. The GOES I-M series of satellites is owned and
operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The National Aeronautics
and Space Administration (NASA) manages the design, development, and launch of the spacecraft.
Once the satellite is launched and checked out, NOAA assumes responsibility for the command and
control, data receipt, and product generation and distribution. Each satellite in the series
carries two major instruments: an Imager and a Sounder. These instruments resolve visible and
infrared data, as well as temperature and moisture profiles of the atmosphere. They continuously
transmit these data to ground terminals where the data are processed for rebroadcast to primary
weather services both in the United States and around the world, including the global research
community. The GOES I-M mission is scheduled to run from the mid-1990s into the first decade of
the 21st century. Each element of the mission has been designed to meet all in-orbit performance
requirements for at least five years. The GOES I-M system performs the following basic
functions: Acquisition, processing, and dissemination of imaging and sounding data. Acquisition
and dissemination of Space Environment Monitor (SEM) data. Reception and relay of data from
ground-based Data Collection Platforms (DCPs) that are situated in carefully selected urban and
remote areas to the NOAA Command and Data Acquisition (CDA) station. Continuous relay of Weather
Facsimile (WEFAX) and other data to users, independent of all other functions. Relay of distress
signals from people, aircraft, or marine vessels the search and rescue ground stations of the
Search and Rescue Satellite Aided Tracking (SARSAT) system. GOES provides the instantaneous
relay functions for the SARSAT system. A dedicated search and rescue transponder on board GOES
is designed to detect emergency distress signals originating from Earth-based sources. These
unique identification signals are normally combined with signals received by a
low-Earth-orbiting satellite system and relayed to a search and rescue ground terminal. The
combined data are used to perform effective search and rescue operations. The GOES I-M system
serves a region covering the central and eastern Pacific Ocean; North, Central, and South
America; and the central and western Atlantic Ocean. Pacific coverage includes Hawaii and the
Gulf of Alaska. This is accomplished by two satellites, GOES West located at 135 west longitude
and GOES East at 75 west longitude. A common ground station, the CDA station located at Wallops,
Virginia, supports the interface to both satellites. The NOAA Satellite Operations Control
Center (SOCC), in Suitland, Maryland, provides spacecraft scheduling, health and safety
monitoring, and engineering analyses. Data Product Usage: These data products enable users to
accurately monitor severe storms, determine winds from cloud motion, and when combined with data
from conventional meteorological sensors, produce improved short-term weather forecasts. The
major operational use of 1 km resolution visible and 4 km resolution infrared multi-spectral
imagery is to provide early warnings of threatening weather. Forecasting the location of
probable severe convective storms and the landfall position of tropical cyclones and hurricanes
is heavily dependent upon GOES infrared and visible pictures. The quantitative temperature and
moisture and wind measurements are useful for isolating areas of potential storm development.
Major Users: GOES I-M data products are used by a wide variety of both operational and research
centers. The NWS's extensive use of multi-spectral imagery provides early warnings of
threatening weather and is central to itsweather monitoring and short-term forecast function.
Most nations in the Western Hemisphere depend on GOES imagery for their routine weather forecast
functions as well as other regional applications. GOES data products are also used by commercial
weather users, universities, the Department of Defense, and the global research community,
particularly the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project, through which the world's
cloud cover is monitored for the purpose of detecting change in the Earth's climate. Users of
GOES data products are also found in the air and ground traffic control, ship navigation,
agriculture, and space services sectors. The GOES Imager is a multi-channel instrument designed
to sense radiant and solar-reflected energy from sampled areas of the Earth. The multi-element
spectral channels simultaneously sweep east-west and west-east along a north-to-south path by
means of a two-axis mirror scan system. The instrument can produce full-Earth disc images,
sector images that contain the edges of the Earth, and various sizes of area scans completely
enclosed within the Earth scene using a new flexible scan system. Scan selection permits rapid
continuous viewing of local areas for monitoring of mesoscale (regional) phenomena and accurate
wind determination. The GOES Sounder is a 19-channel discrete-filter radiometer covering the
spectral range from the visible channel wavelengths to 15 microns. It is designed to provide
data from which atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles, surface and cloud-top
temperatures, and ozone distribution can be deduced by mathematical analysis. It operates
independently of and simultaneously with the Imager, using a similarly flexible scan system. The
Sounder's multi-element detector array assemblies simultaneously sample four separate fields or
atmospheric columns. A rotating filter wheel, which brings spectral filters into the optical
path of the detector array, provides the infrared channel definition. 
Purpose:
To make a wide
range of climatic data available to researchers and the public. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: data
set CURRENTNESS REFERENCE: Ground Condition
Related URL
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Description:
View Source Metadata document from the Metadata Manager and Repository
(NMMR).
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Geographic Coverage
(Click for Interactive Map)
Spatial coordinates
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N: 70.0
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S: -70.0
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E: -55.0
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W: 165.0
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Data Set Citation
Dataset Originator/Creator:
National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
Dataset Title:
GOES I-M West Products (DSI-3636)
Dataset Release Date:
Unknown
Data Presentation Form:
various formats
Online Resource:
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/realtime/grtmain.html
Data Resolution
Latitude Resolution:
4 Km
Longitude Resolution:
4 Km
Horizontal Resolution Range:
1 km - < 10 km or approximately .01 degree - < .09 degree
Quality
ATTRIBUTE ACCURACY REPORT: Not provided LOGICAL CONSISTENCY REPORT: Unknown COMPLETENESS
REPORT: Completeness information not available. LINEAGE/PROCESS STEP: PROCESS DESCRIPTION: This
is a digital product that is derived from DSI-3701 (C00549). PROCESS DATE: Unknown
Access Constraints
ACCESS CONSTRAINTS: None DISTRIBUTION LIABILITY: Every effort has been made
to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of current NOAA quality
control procedures. NOAA can only certify that the data provided to its customers is an
authentic copy of the records which were accepted for inclusion in NOAA archives. NOAA cannot
assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result
of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed
or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.
Use Constraints
None
Data Set Progress
IN WORK
Personnel
Role:
DIF AUTHOR
Phone:
828-271-4800
Fax:
828-271-4876
Email:
ncdc.orders at noaa.gov
Contact Address:
151 Patton Avenue, Room 120
City:
Asheville
Province or State:
NC
Postal Code:
28801-5001
Country:
USA
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date:
2006-06-27
Last DIF Revision Date:
2011-07-21
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