Abstract:
The Dorpat data resides in 3 books: 1) 'Zehnjahrige Mittelwerthe Nebst Neunjahrigen Studenmitteln Fur Dorpat' (C/dba W419); 2) 'Zwanzigjahrige Mittelwerthe aus den meteorologischen Beobachtungen 1866 bis 1885 fur Dorpat' (C/db AO-y); and 3) 'Funfzigjahrige Mittelwerte aus den meteorologischen Beobachtungen 1866-1915 fur Dorpat'(C/dba AO-y), and all are written in German. The data contained in ... these books are tables and graphs of daily, monthly, and annual climate averages for Dorpat, Estonia from 1866 to 1915. The surface parameters included in these tables are: hourly, daily, and monthly mean pressure, temperature, cloudiness, evaporation, humidity, sunshine, wind direction and speed; monthly and annual total precipitation; absolute maximum and minimum of temperature; wind direction and speed frequency; and number of days of thunderstorms, rain etc. The ten and twenty year mean for the above variables are also tabulated, as well as the deviation from the ten year mean. These parameters are for each individual year and averaged over the period 1866 to 1915. In addition, the highest and lowest temperature and pressure for each year are incorporated in the tables.
Additional Dorpat data resides in 3 books: 1) 'Meteorologische Beobachtungen Angestellt in Dorpat' (C/dba AO-y), written in German; 2) 'Meteorologische Beobachtungen Angestallt in Tartu, Dorpat' (C/dba AO-ya), written in German; and 3) 'Sammlung von Arbeiten, ausgefuhrt von studenten Meteorologischen Observatorium Universitat zu Jurjew', written in Russian and German. The data contained in these books are tables of hourly surface observations and daily, monthly, and annual climate averages for Dorpat, Estonia for each individual year from 1865 to 1931. These hourly surface observations are for temperature, pressure, humidity, winds, cloudiness, and precipitation. Data for each individual month, include the following: daily means of maximum and minimum temperature; mean pressure, humidity, cloudiness, and wind speed; absolute maximum and minimum pressure and temperature; and monthly precipitation totals. In addition, surface wind frequency is given for each month of the year, and the number of days for the following surface parameters are tabulated for each month: precipitation of different intensities, snow, hail, cloudy skies, thunderstorms, lightning, fog, maximum <0, minimum <0, and sunny skies.
The Latvia data resides in 2 books: 1) 'Precipitation in Latvia' (C/dba AO-R); and 2) 'Snow Layer in Latvia', both written in Latvian and English. The data contained in these books are tables, maps, and graphs of monthly and seasonal snow and precipitation averages for Latvia from 1850 to 1931. The parameters included in these tables, maps, and graphs for each month and season are mean precipitation totals and number of snow cover days. The parameters averaged over the period of record are: monthly mean, maximum, and minimum precipitation amounts; mean number of precipitation days; mean number of days with precipitation greater then a certain amount; mean number of days of snow cover; and the probability of a certain percentage of days being covered by snow. In addition, there is a graph showing the mean dates of ice breakup on a Riga river averaged over ten year periods.
Additional Latvia data resides in 2 books: 1) 'Gaisa Temperatura Latvija-Mean Air Temperature' (C/dba AO-R); and 2) 'Pedejo Divu 30 Gadu Periodu videjo gaisa temperaturu salidzinajums', both written in Latvian and English. The data contained in these books are tables, maps, and graphs of monthly and annual surface temperature averages for Latvia from 1795 to 1931. The parameters included in these data are the following: tables of monthly means for each individual year of the period; mean, maximum and minimum monthly temperature averaged over the period; mean 30 year departure from 1901-1930; graph of mean monthly and annual temperature for each year; maps of monthly and annual mean averaged over the period 1926 to 1935; and mean air temperature differences between the last two 30 year periods for each month (maps and tables).
The Estonia sea ice data resides in 12 books, 'Sea Ice Observations made in Estonia during the winter' (C/dba AO-E), and is written in Finnish and Russian. The data contained in these series of volumes are tables of daily sea ice observations made in Estonia during the Winters from 1923 to 1936. The following information can be found in these tables: days with ice; dates of various navigation potential; seven day thickness of ice; and height of snow on ice.
The Livonia and Courland data reside in 1 book, 'Bericht uber die Ergebnisse der Beobachtungen fur das Liv-Estlandische Regenstationennetz 15-jahrige Mittelwerte der Niederschlagsmenge, Anzahl der Neiderschlagstage und Temperatur fur den Zeitraum 1886-1900' (C/dba AOLv), and is written in German. The data contained in this book are tables and maps of monthly, seasonal, and annual precipitation and surface temperature for the regions of Livonia, Estonia, and Courland from 1885 to 1900. The tables include the following information: annual precipitation totals for each individual year, and mean monthly precipitation, number of days of precipitation, and surface temperature at 8 A.M., averaged over the 15 year period. The maps display the mean monthly precipitation, and the mean summer precipitation averaged over the years 1885 to 1900.
Estonia snow and ice data reside in 1 book, 'Schnee-und Eisverhaltnisse in Eesti' (C/dba AO-E), and is written in Finnish and English. The data contained in this book are tables of snow and ice conditions in Estonia during Winter 1919/1920. The following information can be found in these tables: snow height and snow cover days for a ten day period; date of earliest snowfall, maximum snow height, and freezing and thawing of Estonian rivers; and number of days with ice and snow cover on the seacoast.
These books are part of the foreign meteorological data collection held by the NOAA Central Library in Washington, DC. Information in this collection dates back to the 18th century for daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual tabular summaries, and the 19th century for weather maps. These data are the result of foreign exchange agreements, but the collection has not been updated since 1983.
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research
The University of Arizona
City:
Tucson
Province or State:
AZ
Postal Code:
85721
Country:
USA
Publications/References
Hughes, M. K., X. D. Wu, X. M. Shao, and G. M. Garfin, 1994: A preliminary reconstruction of rainfall in north-central China since A.D. 1600 from tree-ring density and width. Quaternary Research 42:88-99.
