Aliens in Antarctica - Seed Identifications data
Entry ID:
Aliens_in_Antarctica_seed_identifications
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Summary
Abstract:
In the 2007/2008 southern summer season a stratified random selection of travellers to the Antarctic were sampled for propagules on their way to Antarctica or sub-Antarctic islands. This file lists the plant seeds that were found in the samples. Identification of the seeds was done mainly by comparing the seeds (or more often photographs of the seeds) with photographs of seeds in seed-atlases and ... in databases on the web (see the list below). Because often we had only a single specimen of a specific seed morphotype, we did not use any destructive methods (e.g. making cross-sections of the seed). All seeds have been stored, so they are available for further study.
For each identification a confidence level was given on a 4-point scale (0 = no identification available; 1 = low confidence in identification: it may be the taxon listed, but it would not be surprising if it was not; 2 = moderate confidence: we think it is the taxon indicated, but we may be wrong; and 3 = high confidence = we are convinced it is the taxon indicated).
Sometimes it was not possible to see if something was a seed or not. Whenever we had serious doubts about something being a seed, it was not counted as such. This way we may well have discarded (figuratively: all material has been kept) some seeds, but this will result at most in a somewhat conservative estimate of the propagule load of the samples. Equally we have discounted seeds that were seriously damaged, and thus not viable. Again in general we were fairly conservative in this matter.
All seeds were grouped in groups that were morphologically different (morphotypes), and for which we suggest they are different species (or groups of closely related species) . All morphotypes were given a unique number. Most seeds were identified more or less independently by several people. Subsequently differences in identification were checked and discussed, until some consensus was reached. Where no consensus was reached, identification was given at the taxonomic level where we agreed, and lower levels were given as unknown. For quite a number of seeds we did not arrive at an identification even at the family level.
Resources used for seed identification
Botha C (2001) Common weeds of crops and gardens in South Africa. Ark grain crops institute. Potchefstroom
Cappers R T J, Bekker R M, Jans J E A. (2006) Digital seed Atlas of the Netherlands. Barkhuis Publishing. Groningen.
Corner, E. J. H. (1976). Seeds of Dicotyledons. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Kirkbride, J.H., Jr., C.R. Gunn, and M.J. Dallwitz. 2006. Family Guide for Fruits and Seeds, version 1.0.
URL: http://nt.ars-grin.gov/sbmlweb/OnlineResources/frsdfam/Index.cfm. Accessed July-November 2009.
Martin, A. C., Barkley, W. D. (1961). Seed Identification Manual. University of California Press.
Millennium seed bank project (Kew) Seed identification database. URL: http://www.kew.org/msbp/scitech/SIDoverview.htm. Accessed July-November 2009.
Seed ID Workshop. Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University. URL: http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/seedid/ . Accessed July-November 2009.
Seeds of Success Collections at the Bend Seed Extractory. URL: http://www.nps.gov/plants/sos/bendcollections/index.htm. Accessed July-November 2009.
UBC Botanical Garden Seed Collection. URL: http://botanyjohn.org/gallery/v/ubcbgseed. Accessed July-November 2009.
Webb C J, Simpson M J A (2001). Seeds of New Zealand gymnosperms and dicotyledons, Christchurch, N.Z. : Manuka Press.
The seeds were identified by
Dr N.J.M. Gremmen, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 140, 4400 AC Yerseke, The Netherlands
Dr. D.M. Bergstrom, Australian Antarctic Division, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston 7050, Australia.
Chris Ware, , Australian Antarctic Division, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston 7050, Australia.
Dr. J. Lee, Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa 
Related URL
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Description:
Online repository of propagules and identifications
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Geographic Coverage
(Click for Interactive Map)
Spatial coordinates
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N: -54.0
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S: -67.0
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E: 160.0
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W: 62.0
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Parent DIF
This data set description is a member of a collection. The
collection is described in
ASAC_2904
Temporal Coverage
Start Date:
2007-09-01
Stop Date:
2008-03-31
Quality
See summary.
Access Constraints
Data (spreadsheets Aliens_in_Antarctica_seed_identifications.xlsx) embargoed until publication of papers. A website will be available when the papers are published.
Data Set Progress
COMPLETE
Distribution
Distribution Media:
HTTP
Fees:
Free
Personnel
Role:
INVESTIGATOR
Role:
TECHNICAL CONTACT
Phone:
+31 (0)113 577445
Fax:
+31 (0)113 573616
Email:
ad.huiskes at nioz.nl
Contact Address:
Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ)
P.O.Box 140
City:
Yerseke
Province or State:
Zeeland
Postal Code:
4400 AC
Country:
The Netherlands
Role:
INVESTIGATOR
Contact Address:
Centre for Invasion Biology
Department of Botany and Zoology
Stellenbosch University
City:
Stellenbosch
Province or State:
Maiteland
Postal Code:
7602
Country:
South Africa
Role:
INVESTIGATOR
Phone:
+ 052 1 594 111
Email:
gremmen at wxs.nl
Contact Address:
Data-analyse Ecologie
Netherlands Institute of Ecology
PO BOX 140
City:
Yerske
Postal Code:
4400
Country:
Netherlands
Role:
INVESTIGATOR
Phone:
+81-3-3962-4764
Fax:
+81-3-3962-5743
Email:
imura at nipr.ac.jp
City:
Tokyo
Postal Code:
173-8515
Country:
Japan
Role:
INVESTIGATOR
Phone:
+33 2 99 61 81 75
Email:
marc.lebouvier at univ-rennes1.fr
Contact Address:
University de Rennes 1
Station Biologique
City:
Paimpont
Postal Code:
35380
Country:
France
Role:
INVESTIGATOR
Phone:
+44 1223 221616
Email:
kehu at bas.ac.uk
City:
Cambridge
Postal Code:
CB3 OET
Country:
United Kingdom
Role:
INVESTIGATOR
Phone:
+61 3 6232 3209
Fax:
+61 3 6232 3351
Email:
dana.bergstrom at aad.gov.au
Contact Address:
Australian Antarctic Division
203 Channel Highway
City:
Kingston
Province or State:
Tasmania
Postal Code:
7050
Country:
Australia
Role:
DIF AUTHOR
Phone:
+61 3 6232 3244
Fax:
+61 3 6232 3351
Email:
metadata at aad.gov.au
Contact Address:
Australian Antarctic Division
203 Channel Highway
City:
Kingston
Province or State:
Tasmania
Postal Code:
7050
Country:
Australia
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date:
2011-06-17
Last DIF Revision Date:
2011-10-05
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