CBM NERR Nutrient Metadata April-December 2003 Latest Update: February 21, 2005
Entry ID:
CDMO_cbmnut04-12.03m
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Summary
Abstract:
Nutrient monitoring is conducted at 26 National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) from
four locations within or adjacent to the reserve on a monthly basis of the following parameters:
orthophosphate, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and chlorophyll a. Note: Reserves may collect
additional parameters which are available by searching the Yearly Files directory.
Purpose:
Research objectives The principal objectives are to collect and analyze water samples for nutrient concentrations for the Chesapeake Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in Maryland (CBM NERR) in support of the National Estuarine Research Reserve's (NERR) System Wide Monitoring Program (SWMP). This nutrient information supplements water quality ... information taken at sites
for the purpose of: 1) tracking and recording nutrient conditions useful to help understand and
explain additional data (water quality and meteorological) collected concurrently 2) creating a
database capable of detecting long-term changes in nutrient conditions of these systems 3)
recording and identifying temporal and spatial differences in nutrient conditions to include
changes on a diel time frame and to collect ancillary data in support of other research efforts.
At CBM NERR, water quality and nutrient data were collected at four sites during 2003. Three
sites are at the Jug Bay Component of the Reserve and one site is at the Otter Point Creek
Component. The three sites at Jug Bay were selected in an effort examine water quality and
nutrient information across different spatial scales and at sites demonstrating different levels
of anthropogenic activities. The site at Otter Point Creek was selected to provide baseline
information for the Otter Point Creek site and to use for comparison to one or more of the Jug
Bay sites. Due to the location of the sites being 2 to 3 hours away from each other and because
they are completely different systems, Otter Point Creek was not sampled on the same day as the
other three sites, instead Otter Point Creek was sampled the following day after the other sites
were sampled. Prior to 2003, water quality data was collected at two sites, JB and PR. Both
sites were moved in 2003; however the old PR site was located about 500m downstream of the new
RR site and therefore should not be significantly different from the new and old site. The old
JB site was permanently removed due to concerns with adequate water depth, and no similar site
exists. a) Monthly Grab Sampling Program The goals of the monthly grab samples are to create a
long-term database of nutrient information at each site for the purpose of detecting changes
over time and across sites. b) Diel Sampling Program The goal of the diel sampling is to catalog
short-term variability in nutrient concentrations across different tidal cycles.
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION:
Associated researchers and projects The Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary staff has been
collecting weekly to monthly temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient samples at
the same location as the data logger at JB through 2003. Additionally, the staff samples at
other sites throughout the Jug Bay marsh, which provide additional similar data at a larger
spatial scale. Staff at the Anita C. Leight Estuary Center at Otter Point Creek, in conjunction
with CBNERR/MD staff, has also been collecting bi-weekly to monthly temperature, salinity,
dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, chlorophyll a, and nutrient samples at the same
location as datalogger OC and 5 other sites in the OPC marsh for 2003. Additional discrete data
and semi-continuous wq and nutrient data is also available through the Department of Natural
Resources Continuous Monitoring Program (see www.eyesonthebay.net) that provides increased
spatial coverage of many of the same parameters around both RR and OC sites for 2003. Other
Remarks The 2003 sampling year was an unusually wet and cool year for the Chesapeake Bay region
with very high rainfalls and cooler temperatures. As such, data from this year may be atypical
compared to future more "normal" years. On September 19, 2003, Hurricane Isabel came onshore in
the Chesapeake Bay region creating unusually high tides, flooding and high winds. The hurricane
lasted from September 19-25, 2003 with the bulk of the rain event happening on September 19 with
an additional rainstorm occurring on September 21, 2003 bringing additional flooding to an
already super saturated region. The hurricane brought severe flooding to the Chesapeake region,
lasting for several days following the actual hurricane. The flooding and high waters associated
with the hurricane drove a salt wedge up the Bay creating higher then normal salinities and
extreme high tides. Outside of a pulsed event of flooding, high salinities, larger inflows of
freshwater and high turbidities, the affects of the Hurricane on Chesapeake Bay ecosystem were
short and not terribly strong compared to similar storms such as Hurricane Floyd, which hit at
low tide and cause severe scouring and erosion during a critical season. For more information on
the effects of Hurricane Isabel, contact USGS or MDNR. Diel sampling switched to beginning of
the month starting in October to reduce scheduling conflicts with the arrival of the holiday
season.
CURRENTNESS REFERENCE:
Observed
SPATIAL DATA ORGANIZATION INFORMATION:
Indirect Spatial Reference: Site location and character The Chesapeake Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in
Maryland consists of three components; Otter Point Creek on the Bush River along the upper
western shore of the Chesapeake Bay, Jug Bay along the Patuxent River in the middle Bay and
Monie Bay on the lower eastern shore of the Chesapeake Bay. At CBM NERR, water quality and
nutrient data are collected at four sites. Three sites are at the Jug Bay Component of the
Reserve and one site is at the Otter Point Creek Component. The Jug Bay Component of the Reserve
is located in the tidal headwaters of the Patuxent River. The watershed for this portion of the
river includes portions of the DC Metropolitan area but has dense, tracks of protected riparian
areas surrounding this portion of the river. Jug Bay itself, is a 722-acre tidal estuary
providing a narrow transition zone between brackish marshes and upland freshwater wetlands. The
broad, shallow waters of Jug Bay support a profusion of freshwater plants and animals.
Vegetation crowds the river channel and forms an interlaced pattern of tidal and non-tidal
marshes, swamps and forested wetlands surrounded by upland woods and fields. The Otter Point
Creek Component of the Reserve is located along the tidal headwaters of the Bush River, which
drains much of Harford County, including the rapidly growing town of Bel Air, Maryland. Otter
Point Creek is a tributary of the Bush River in the upper Chesapeake Bay and consists of 672
acres of open water, tidal marshes, forested wetlands and upland hardwood forests, surrounded by
major highways, large residential communities, and heavy commercial and industrial development.
The following is a list of sites with a detailed description of site characteristics and other
relevant information. Mataponi Creek (MC) 38° 44.599'N, 76° 42.446'W (NAD83) or 38.74331667,
-76.70743333 (GIS format) Site MC is located at the Jug Bay Component of the Reserve, in a small
tributary (Mataponi Creek) off the upper tidal headwaters of the Patuxent River, Maryland. MC is
2.4 km upstream from the mouth and located in the midchannel of the creek, which is
approximately 7m wide at that point. The southern bank is steep and covered mainly with hardwood
trees while the Northern bank is tidal marsh. The YSI water quality sonde was deployed
vertically in a perforated PVC pipe. Average depth at this site is roughly 0.7 meters with a
mean tidal fluctuation of approximately 0.6 m. The YSI is deployed 0.25 m off of the creek
bottom. Salinities at this site rarely exceed 0.1 ppt. The bottom habitat is soft sediment, and
submerged macrophytes are abundant and dense during the summer months. Because this site is
located along the main channel of the Mataponi Creek, water quality is reflective of the general
quality of water flowing along the main portion of the creek. The submerged macrophyte community
at this site is seasonally very dense and thus water quality is thought to be strongly
influenced by the presence of SAV during the summer months. Because of the dense submerged
macrophyte community, limited degree of anthropogenic activities occurring within the watershed
of this site, MC is thought to be a "reference" water quality site for the Reserve. Railroad
Bridge (RR) 38° 46.877'N, 76° 42.822'W (NAD 83) or 38.78128333, -76.7137 (GIS format) Site RR
is located in the mainstem of the upper tidal headwaters of the Patuxent River, Maryland. The
site is slightly upstream (roughly 0.3km) from Jackson's Landing at the Patuxent River Park
(previous PR site). This section of the Patuxent River is approximately 70m wide and average
depth at the site is 1.4m. The YSI sonde is deployed 0.25 m off of the river bottom. Bottom
habitat is soft sediment, and submerged macrophyte grassbeds are evident in the shallow areas
(0.5m MLW) during summer months. Mean tidal fluctuation is approximately 0.6 m. Salinity
in 2003 ranged from 0.05 - 0.4 ppt. In 2003 this site was moved from 38° 46' 50.6" N, 76° 42'
29.1" W (Jug Bay) to its present location because of the shallow nature of the old site. The new
site location (RR) is at the end of the old railroad bed and is deployed vertically in a
perforated PVC pipe near midchannel of the Patuxent River. Because this site is located along
the main channel of the Patuxent River, water quality is reflective of the general quality of
water flowing along the main portion of the river. The site is roughly 1km downstream of the
confluence of the Western Branch tributary and the Patuxent River Mainstem, thus water quality
is influenced by Western Branch. A large wastewater treatment plant (averaging 10-20 mgd )
discharges directly into the Western Branch tributary of the Patuxent River just upstream of IP.
Because of the location of this site along the main portion of the Patuxent River, this site is
thought to be characteristic of this portion of the Patuxent River. Iron Pot Landing (IP) 38°
47.760'N, 76° 43.248' W (NAD 83) or 38.796, -76.7208 (GIS Format) Site IP is located 2.09km
from the mouth of Western Branch. IP is attached vertically off of a small pier near midchannel
of the river and has an average depth of 1.6m. The YSI is deployed 0.25 m off of the river
bottom. The site is roughly 1km downstream of a large (10-20 mgd) wastewater treatment plant
effluent discharge site. The river is approximately 15m wide and flows through extensive
riparian buffers. Both banks of the river are flanked by hardwood flora. Tides are semi-diurnal
and mean tidal fluctuation is approximately 0.6 m. Salinity at this site is generally 0.1 ppt.
Bottom habitat is soft sediment, and narrow submerged macrophyte grassbeds are occasionally
evident in the shallow areas downstream during the summer months. Because of the proximity of
this site to the discharge location for a large WWTP, this site is considered an "impacted" site
for the reserve. This site is part of the NERR build out and is new for 2003. Otter Point Creek
(OC) 39° 27.047'N, 76° 16.474'W (NAD 83) or 39.45078333, -76.27456667 (GIS Format) Site OC is
located within the Otter Point Creek Component of the Reserve, in the tidal headwaters of the
Bush River. The Otter Point Creek component is a large but shallow tidally flooded marsh with
average depths less then 1m on low tide. The site is approximately 0.3km from the Anita C.
Leight Estuary Center. Site OC is deployed vertically in a perforated PVC pipe and has an
average depth of 0.7m. The YSI is deployed 0.25 m off of the creek bottom. Bottom habitat is
extremely soft sediment, and submerged macrophyte grassbeds inundate the site during summer
months, creating a dense and almost impenetrable ground cover. Salinity at this station rarely
rises above 0.1 ppt. Tides in Otter Point Creek are semi-diurnal and have a mean range of about
0.3 m. The average water levels are generally lower in the winter due to north and northwest
winds that increase the egress from Chesapeake Bay. The sonde was periodically exposed to very
low tides, and sediments at the site are extremely fine and flocculent. Because of the
shallowness of the tidal marsh, coupled with the dramatic daily changes in the depth,
deployments at the site presented many problems. These problems included periodic exposure of
the sonde, very high turbidity and sedimentation rates associated with tidal infiltration and
wind and wave generated resuspension, which caused severe fouling of the probes. Water quality
at the site represented extreme shallow water habitats. Thus it is not uncommon to see very
large fluctuations in temperature and dissolved oxygen at this site ranging from complete anoxia
to full saturation, due in part to the shallow nature of the site and the effects of marsh
processes on water quality. Additionally, the site was dominated by dense SAV communities from
June-October 2003 and thus water quality conditions were likely influenced by the presence of
these macrophytes. This site is thought to be representative of water quality within the Otter
Point Creek component throughout most of the year, with the exception of the summer months when
dense submerged macrophyte communities greatly influence the site. 
Related URL
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Description:
Annual and Seasonal South Polar Global Temperature Deviations in the Troposphere and Low Stratosphere, 1958 - 2008
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Multimedia Sample
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Geographic Coverage
(Click for Interactive Map)
Spatial coordinates
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N: -60.0
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S: -90.0
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E: 180.0
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W: -180.0
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Data Set Citation
Dataset Originator/Creator:
Angell, J.K.
Dataset Title:
South Pole Temperature Deviations Derived From Radiosonde Records 1958-2008
Dataset Release Date:
2009
Dataset Release Place:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Dataset Publisher:
In Trends Online: A Compendium of Data on Global Change.
Dataset DOI:
doi: 10.3334/CDIAC/cli.005
Online Resource:
http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/temp/angell/angell.html
Temporal Coverage
Start Date:
1958-01-01
Stop Date:
2008-12-31
Use Constraints
CITE AS: Angell, J.K. 2009. Global, hemispheric, and zonal temperature deviations derived from radiosonde records. In Trends Online: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. doi: 10.3334/CDIAC/cli.005
Publications/References
Angell, J.K. 2009. Effect of exclusion of anomalous tropical stations on temperature trends from a 63-Station radiosonde network, and comparison with other analyses. Journal of Climate 16:2288-2295, doi: 10.1175/2763.1.
Angell, J.K. 1988. Variations and trends in tropospheric and stratospheric global temperatures, 1958-87. Journal of Climate 1:1296-1313.
Angell, J.K. 1991. Changes in tropospheric and stratospheric global temperatures, 1958-88. pp. 231-47. In M.E. Schlesinger (ed.), Greenhouse-Gas-Induced Climatic Change: A Critical Appraisal of Simulations and Observations. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Angell, J.K., and J. Korshover. 1983. Global temperature variations in the troposphere and stratosphere, 1958-82. Monthly Weather Review 111:901-21.
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date:
2010-12-16
Last DIF Revision Date:
2010-12-30
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