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Freshwater Flows to the East Coast

Entry ID: USGS_SOFIA_freshwater_east_coast

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Summary

Abstract: Discharges through 10 selected coastal control structures in Broward and Palm Beach Counties and the 16 coastal structures in Miami-Dade County, Fla., Florida, are presently computed using the theoretical discharge-coefficient ratings developed from scale modeling, theoretical discharge coefficients, and some field calibrations whose accuracies for specific sites are unknown. To achieve more ... accurate discharge-coefficient ratings for the coastal control structures, field discharge measurements were taken with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler at each coastal control structure under a variety of flow conditions. These measurements were used to determine computed discharge-coefficient ratings for the coastal control structures under different flow regimes: submerged orifice flow, submerged weir flow, free orifice flow, and free weir flow. Theoretical and computed discharge-coefficient ratings for submerged orifice and weir flows were determined at the coastal control structures, and discharge ratings for free orifice and weir flows were determined at three coastal control structures. The difference between the theoretical and computed discharge-coefficient ratings varied from structure to structure.

A system of canals and levees has been constructed over the last century for the purpose of drainage, flood control, and aquifer discharge. Strategically placed control structures allow the water management officials to move water from inland areas during high-rainfall periods and retain water in dry periods. Freshwater discharged to tide through coastal structures not only affects the amount of water available for water supply in the lower east coast and the Everglades, but it also affects the biota in the Intracoastal Waterway and Biscayne Bay. Therefore, it is imperative that there be accurate ratings for these structures to predict the effects of various water restoration alternatives. Although these coastal structures are a pivotal part of the man-made system, the discharge through most of them is computed only from theoretical ratings. Actual field measurements are needed in order to determine if the theoretical ratings are adequate, and to develop more accurate ratings. Stage measurements are made by the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) or the USGS at the east coast structures. The flows through the coastal structures in Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach counties can be computed by developing stage-discharge ratings from field measurements of flow, stage, and structure operations. Although theoretical ratings exist for the structures, no check as to the accuracy of these ratings has been made. In order to develop ratings from field measurements, discharge measurements must be made at the structure simultaneously with water level and structure operation measurements. Difficulties in making accurate discharge measurements arise from the slow flows and non-standard velocity profiles in south Florida canals. The Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), which uses the Doppler shift in acoustic signals to determine water velocity and compute discharge, is ideal for measurements in slow and spatially varying velocity fields. Statistical techniques were used to determine the best-fit ratings for the structures and error analysis of the ratings. The objective of this study was to determine discharge ratings for 10 coastal hydraulic control structures (7 in eastern Broward and 3 in southeastern Palm Beach counties as well as for 16 coastal hydraulic control structures in eastern Miami-Dade county.

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Multimedia Sample

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Description: coastal hydraulic control structures in eastern Miami-Dade County

Geographic Coverage

(Click for Interactive Map)

Spatial coordinates

N: 26.65

S: 25.28

E: -80.05

W: -80.45

Data Set Citation

Dataset Originator/Creator: Eric Swain

Dataset Title: Freshwater Flows to the East Coast

Dataset Release Date: 1998

Data Presentation Form: report

Online Resource: http://sofia.usgs.gov/projects/hydraulic/

Temporal Coverage

Start Date: 1994-11-01

Stop Date: 1996-09-30

Location Keywords

CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > FLORIDA

Science Keywords

BIOSPHERE > TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS > WETLANDS

TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE > GROUND WATER > GROUND WATER DISCHARGE/FLOW

TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE > SURFACE WATER > DISCHARGE/FLOW

BIOSPHERE > AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS > WETLANDS

ISO Topic Category

ENVIRONMENT

INLAND WATERS

Instrument

ADCP > Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler

Project

USGS_SOFIA > South Florida Information Access

Access Constraints None

Use Constraints None

Ancillary Keywords

Broward County

Miami-Dade County

Data Set Progress

COMPLETE

Data Center

SOUTH FLORIDA INFORMATION ACCESS, FLORIDA INTEGRATED SCIENCE CENTER, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Data Center URL: http://sofia.usgs.gov/

Data Center Personnel
Name: HEATHER S. HENKEL Phone: 727.803.8747 ext. 3028 Fax: 727.803.2032 Email: hhenkel at usgs.gov Contact Address: USGS-FISC-St. Petersburg 600 Fourth St. South City: St. Petersburg Province or State: FL Postal Code: 33701 Country: USA

Distribution

Distribution Format: DJVU

Fees: None

Personnel

ERIC D. SWAIN

Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Phone: 305 717-5825

Fax: 305 717-5801

Email: edswain at usgs.gov

Contact Address:

U.S. Geological Survey

3110 SW 9th Avenue

City: Fort Lauderdale

Province or State: FL

Postal Code: 33315

Country: USA

ALICIA ALEMAN

Role: DIF AUTHOR

Email: alicia.m.aleman at nasa.gov

Contact Address:

Goddard Space Flight Center

Code 610.2

City: Greenbelt

Province or State: MD

Postal Code: 20771

Country: USA

Publications/References

Eric D. Swain, 1996, Quantifying Freshwater Discharge for Coastal Hydraulic Structures in Eastern Dade County, Florida, USGS Fact Sheet, 123-96, Tallahassee, FL, U.S. Geological Survey.
http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/fs/123-96/

Creation and Review Dates

DIF Creation Date: 2007-07-25

Last DIF Revision Date: 2009-06-02

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