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The spatio-temporal distribution of zooplankton communities in the Southern Ocean: high resolution sampling and its implications for long-term monitoring

Entry ID: ASAC_472_Hunt

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Summary

Abstract: This thesis was conducted under the auspices of the Southern Ocean Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) Survey. The research conducted had the dual aims of providing baseline data for this long-term monitoring programme and providing the first detailed analysis of zooplankton communities and distribution patterns in the Southern Ocean south of Australia. Data were principally collected between ... October 2001 and March 2002, during five voyages. As a primary step I investigated the sampling characteristics of CPR, and assessed the utility of the CPR as a long-term monitoring apparatus in the Southern Ocean. Given the shallow sampling depth of the CPR (~10.5m), a major requirement of this calibration was quantification of the fine-scale vertical distributions zooplankton. This was done through direct comparison of CPR samples with depth integrated NORPAC net hauls. The CPR-NORPAC comparison identified the component of the zooplankton sampled by the CPR and provided a means for comparison between past and present data sets. As a final component of this calibration, it was demonstrated that the CPR was effective at identifying biogeographic boundaries.

An essential requirement for the identification of long-term ecological change is baseline data on natural ecosystem variability, particularly seasonality. Therefore, after calibration of the CPR the two fundamental components of spatial and seasonal variability were investigated. Firstly, the fine-scale horizontal structure of zooplankton communities was quantified from a 1170 nautical mile transect, along the 140oE meridian, spanning all of the major oceanographic zones south of Australia. Applying multivariate analyses a unique community zonation was identified which was strongly related to the complex oceanographic environment, characterised by multiple branches of the major fronts. The seasonal component of temporal variability was investigated separately in two major and distinctly different regions, the Seasonal Ice Zone and the Sub-Antarctic / Polar Frontal Zone. Multivariate analyses were used to quantify seasonal changes in species composition, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, species densities, and the proportional contribution of species to communities. The spatial and temporal variation of zooplankton community structure was discussed in the light of environmental controls, species' vertical distributions, population cycles, and ecosystem functioning. Finally,the application of these data to long-term monitoring was discussed, and recommendations made for future research.

The fields in this dataset are:

CPR
Segment Number
Time (GMT)
Date
Latitude
Longitude
Segment Length (nautical miles)
Salinity
Sea Surface Temperature
Species
Fish Larvae
Fish Scales
Egg Mass
Volume
Bongo
CTD
Depth

Related URL

Link: GET DATA

Description: Download point for the data

Geographic Coverage

(Click for Interactive Map)

Spatial coordinates

	N: -47.01	S: -66.36	E: 144.9	W: 139.48

Min Depth: 0 M Max Depth: 150 M

Temporal Coverage

Start Date: 2001-11-02

Stop Date: 2002-03-11

Location Keywords

OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN

GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR

Science Keywords

BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES

BIOSPHERE > AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS > PLANKTON > ZOOPLANKTON

BIOSPHERE > AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS > PLANKTON

BIOSPHERE > AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS > PELAGIC HABITAT

ISO Topic Category

BIOTA

OCEANS

Platform

SHIPS

Instrument

CPR > Continuous Plankton Recorder

Quality All underway environmental data presented have been processed to remove spurious errors and the data are considered to be of good quality and high resolution.

Underway data collected from the Aurora Australis are freely accessible through the Australian Antarctic Divisions Marine Science web site. Zooplankton data for the CPR samples represent raw counts of animals / ~ 5 nautical miles of sampling. The quality of these data are dependent on the processor and I have endeavoured to identify all specimens to the highest taxonomic level possible, including the life stage of crustacean taxa. Detailed species lists are provided, and the condensed data-set is available from the CPR programme leader Dr Graham Hosie.

Access Constraints These data are publicly available for download at the provided URL.

Use Constraints This data set conforms to the PICCCBY Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

Please follow instructions listed in the citation reference at the provided URL when using these data.

Ancillary Keywords

AURORA AUSTRALIS

BONGO

Data Set Progress

COMPLETE

Data Center

Australian Antarctic Data Centre, Australia

Data Center URL: http://data.aad.gov.au

Data Center Personnel
Name: DATA OFFICER AADC Phone: +61 3 6232 3244 Fax: +61 3 6232 3351 Email: metadata at aad.gov.au Contact Address: Australian Antarctic Division 203 Channel Highway City: Kingston Province or State: Tasmania Postal Code: 7050 Country: Australia

Distribution

Distribution Media: HTTP

Distribution Size: 463 kb

Distribution Format: excel

Fees: free

Personnel

GRAHAM HOSIE

Role: INVESTIGATOR

Phone: +61 3 6232 3364

Fax: +61 3 6232 3158

Email: graham.hosie at aad.gov.au

Contact Address:

Australian Antarctic Division

203 Channel Highway

City: Kingston

Province or State: Tasmania

Postal Code: 7050

Country: Australia

BRIAN HUNT

Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT

Email: bpvhunt at yahoo.com.au

Contact Address:

203 Channel Highway

Australian Antarctic Division,

City: Kingston

Province or State: Tasmania

Postal Code: 7050

Country: Australia

DAVE CONNELL

Role: DIF AUTHOR

Phone: +61 3 6232 3244

Fax: +61 3 6232 3351

Email: dave.connell at aad.gov.au

Contact Address:

Australian Antarctic Division

203 Channel Highway

City: Kingston

Province or State: Tasmania

Postal Code: 7050

Country: Australia

Creation and Review Dates

DIF Creation Date: 2004-12-20

Last DIF Revision Date: 2010-08-17

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